European Minnow

Phoxinus phoxinus

European Minnow (Phoxinus phoxinus) — Easy care, Peaceful, under Danio & Minnow. Minimum tank in the app: 45 US gal min; aim for 54–68°F and pH 6–8. The European Minnow is well-suited for community tanks, appealing to those who appreciate active schooling fish.

European Minnow (Phoxinus phoxinus) in a planted freshwater aquarium
Care levelEasy
TemperamentPeaceful
Min tank size45 US gal min
pH range6–8
Temperature54–68°F
Max size5.1 in (13.0 cm)
Captive lifespan5–10 years
SchoolingYes · 6+ recommended

Captive lifespan reflects typical experience in a home aquarium, not maximum recorded age; genetics, sourcing, and care vary.

Natural distribution

Asia / Europe (varies)

  • East & Southeast Asia

Regional colours match the stocking calculator’s origin map.

European Minnow Tank Setup

Focus on a spacious layout that allows for swimming in the upper and mid-water zones, while incorporating plants and decorations to create a sense of security. A gentle water flow is ideal, and a sandy substrate mimics their natural habitat. Ensure good lighting, but avoid excessive brightness which may cause discomfort.

What Do European Minnows Eat?

These fish are quick foragers with a diverse omnivorous diet, meaning competition at feeding time can be lively. Ensure a varied diet to maintain health and vibrancy, but avoid overfeeding as this can lead to rapid bio-load increases and water quality issues.

European Minnow Tank Mates

Ideal companions include similarly sized, non-aggressive species that share the same swimming level, such as smaller rasboras or other minnows. Avoid larger or aggressive fish that may intimidate them. Within their own species, maintaining groups of at least six is crucial to prevent bullying and promote confidence.

Are European Minnows Good for Beginners?

In App-aquatic we file this under easy care. That still means a cycled tank, realistic stocking, and parameters that do not swing every weekend. Aquarists often underestimate their shoaling requirement, leading to stressed and unhealthy fish. neglecting water quality or failing to provide enough swimming space and cover can exacerbate stress and aggression.

Building a community? Run the full list through the stocking calculator before you add anything else.

Log tests and reminders in App-aquatic—free, same data you see here.